University : Guru Nanak Dev University
Announcement : Syllabus
Degree : B.Sc
Department : Agriculture & Forestry

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B.Sc.Agriculture & Forestry Syllabus :
Time : 3 Hours
Max. Marks : 75
Theory : 50
Practical : 25
Instructions for the Paper Setters :
1. Question paper should be set strictly according to the syllabus.
2. The language of questions should be straight & simple.
3. Not more than one question should be based on one topic.
4. The question paper should cover the whole syllabus and questions should be evenly distributed.
5. At least eight questions should be set, out of which the candidates should be required to attempt any five.

AGR–111 : Introductory Agriculture
Theory : Art, science and business of crop production. Basic elements and factors affecting crop production. History of agricultural development. Ancient Indian agriculture in civilization era. Chronological agricultural technology development in India. Agricultural growth. Contrasting food chains. Diversity in physiography– soil groups, marine, livestock and water. Liabilities– soil and weather factors. Dry and irrigated agriculture. Farming systems approach. Nutritional and rural life standards.

Practical : Identification of various crops, and their seeds; Weeds– identification and Control measures; Working of Agricultural implements: Calibration of seed drills; Identification, computation of Doses and methods of application of fertilizer; farm visit for acutance with field problems.

AGM–112 : Introductory Agro Meteorology
Theory : Definition, practical utility and scope. General climatology. Structure and composition of earth’s atmosphere. Elements and factors of weather and climate – temperature, pressure, wind, solar radiation and moisture. Impact of climate on crops and livestock distribution and production.

Agro climatic indices – definitions and applications in agriculture. Effect of environmental factors on crop growth. Weather hazards in agriculture. Climatic classifications. Agro climatic regions of Punjab and India. Basics of field microclimate modification. Introduction to monsoons. Elementary aspects of weather forecasting. Effects of climate change on agriculture.

Practical : Site selection for Agro–meteorological Observatory. Project on setting up, recording and maintenance of instruments in a meteorological observatory. Measurement of temperature, rainfall, evaporation, atmospheric pressure, sunshine duration, solar radiation, wind direction, wind speed and relative humidity. Study of weather forecasting and synoptic charts. Processing, presentation and interpretation of climatic data in relation to crops.

MBL–113 : Elementary Microbiology
Theory : Its applied areas. Discovery of microorganisms and their role in fermentation. Germ theory of disease and protection. Structure of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell. Major groups of eukaryotes – fungi, algae and protozoa. Major groups of prokaryotes – actinomycetes, cyan bacteria, arhaebacteria, rickettsias and Chlamydia.

Bacterial growth. Metabolism in bacteria – ATP generation. chemoautotrophy, photoautotrophy, respiration, fermentation. Bacteriophages – structure and properties, lytic and lysogenic cycles, viriods, prions. Genetic recombinations. Microbial groups in soil. Microbial transformation of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur. Biological nitrogen fixation.

Microbes in composting. Microbiology of water and food. Beneficial microorganisms in agriculture – biofertilizers, microbial pesticides. Biodegradation. Biogas production. Plant–microbe interactions. Introduction to mushrooms and mushroom growing. Edible and poisonous mushrooms. Cultivation technology of mushrooms.

Practical : Familiarization with instruments and other materials in a Microbiology laboratory. Practice of aseptic methods on nutrient broth, slants and agar plate. Methods of sterilization and preparation of media and glassware. Sterilization of nutrient broth by filtration.

Plating methods for isolation and purification of bacteria. Identification of bacteria by staining methods. Enumeration of bacteria by staining, pour plate and spread plate methods. Cultivation technology of mushrooms. Tissue culture preparation and maintenance of edible fungi. Spawn production.

SSC–114 : Introduction to Soil Science
Theory : Concept of land, soil and soil science. Composition of earth crust and its relationship with soils. Rocks and minerals. Weathering. Soil forming factors and processes. Soil profile. Soil colour. Elementary knowledge of taxonomic classification of soils. Soils of Punjab and India. Soil physical properties.

Soil texture– textural classes. Soil structure– classification, soil aggregation and significance, soil consistency, soil crusting, bulk density and particle density of soils and porosity, their significance and manipulation. Soil colloids– properties, nature, types and significance.

Sources of charges in clay minerals. Ion exchange, CEC, AEC – factors affecting and adsorption of ions. Soil organic matter–decomposition, mineralization, humus. Carbon cycle, C: N ratio. Soil organisms and their beneficial and harmful roles.

Practical : Determination of bulk density and particle density. Aggregate size analysis. Soil mechanical analysis. Analytical chemistry– basic concepts, techniques and calculations, collection and processing of soil samples for analysis of organic carbon, pH, EC, available N, P, K and S. Study of a soil profile. Identification of rocks and minerals.